U.S. Patent No. 4,070,487 (1978). Method of Stimulating Appetite in Ruminants and Ruminant Feed Containing Appetite Stimulant. G.A. Trout, B.L. Zoumas and S.M. Tarka, Jr.

U.S. Patent No. 5,219,573 (1993). L-Sugar Laxatives. S.M. Tarka, Jr., C.A. Shively, J.L. Apgar, and K.L. Koch.

U.S. Patent No. 5,464,649 (1995). Reduced Fat Confectionery Products and Process. J.F. St.John, J.G. Fetterhoff, J.R. Carpenter, B.D. Brown, C.D. Azzara, S.M. Tarka, Jr., C.N. Rank, and G.K. Strohmaier.

U.S. Patent No. 5,709,903 (1998). Reduced Fat Confectionery Products and Process. J.F. St.John, J.G. Fetterhoff, J.R. Carpenter, B.D. Brown, C.D. Azzara, S.M. Tarka, Jr., C.N. Rank, and G.K. Strohmaier.

U.S. Patent No. 5,837,227 (1998). Use of Cocoa Butter or Partially Hydrolyzed Cocoa Butter for the Treatment of Burns and Wounds. B.L. Zoumas, S.M. Tarka, Jr., J.M. McKim, B.J. Simmons, J.G. Marks, Jr., and M. Santanna.

U.S. Patent No. 5,849,729 (1998). Use of Hydrolyzed Cocoa Butter for Percutaneous Absorption. B.L. Zoumas, S.M. Tarka, Jr., J.M. McKim, B.J. Simmons, J.G. Marks, Jr., and M. Santanna.

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Martin, G.G., Sass, N.L., Hill, L., Tarka, S.M. and Truex, C.R., The Synthesis of Taurine from Sulfate. IV. An Alternate Pathway for Taurine Synthesis in the Rat. Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 141(2): 632, 1972.

Martin, W.G., Truex, C.R., Tarka, S.M., Gorby, W., and Hill, L., The Synthesis of Taurine from Sulfate. VI. Vitamin B6 Deficiency and Taurine Synthesis in the Rat. Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 147: 835, 1972.

Traynelis, V.J., Yoshikawa, Y. and Tarka, S.M., Seven-membered Heterocycles. VIII. 1-Benzothiepin Sulfoxides and a Convenient Synthesis of Sulfoxides. J. Organic Chem. 38(2): 3986, 1973.

Martin, W.G., Truex, C.R., Tarka, S.M., Hill, L. and Gorby, W., The Synthesis of Taurine from Sulfate. VIII. A Constitutive Enzyme in Mammals. Proc. Soc. Exptl. Biol. Med. 147: 563, 1974.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., Zoumas, B.L. and Trout, G.A., Examination of the Effect of Cocoa Shells and Theobromine in Lambs. Nutritional Reps. Intl. 18(3): 301-312, 1978.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., Zoumas, B.L. and Gans, J.H., Nutritional Pharmacology and Toxicology of Theobromine: Short-Term Effects of Graded Levels of Theobromine in Laboratory Rodents. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 49: 127-149, 1979.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., Zoumas, B.L. and Gans, J.H., Effects of Continuous Administration of Dietary Theobromine on Rat Testicular Weight and Morphology. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 58: 76-82, 1981.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., The Toxicology of Cocoa and Methylxanthines. CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 9(4): 275-312, 1982.

Hurst, W.J., Martin, R. A., Jr., Zoumas, B.L., Tarka, S.M.,Jr., Biogenic Amines in Chocolate - A Review. Nutrition Reports International, 26(6), 1982.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., Arnaud, M.J., Dvorchik, B.H. and Vesell, E.S., Theobromine Kinetics and Metabolic Disposition, Clin. Pharm. & Therapeutics, 34(4): 546-555, 1983.

Shively, C.A., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Theobromine Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Sprague-Dawley Rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 67: 376-382 (1983).

Blauch, J.L. and Tarka, S.M., Jr., HPLC Determination of Caffeine and Theobromine in Coffee, Tea, and Instant Hot Cocoa Mixes. Journal of Food Science, 48: 745-750 (1983).

Miller, G.E., Radulovic, L.L., DeWit, R.H., Brabec, M.J., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Cornish, H.H., Comparative Theobromine Metabolism in Five Mammalian Species, Drug Metabolism and Disposition, 12(2): 154-160, 1984.

Latini, R., Bonati, M., Gaspari, F., Traina, G.L., Jiritano, L., Bortolotti, A., Borzelleca, J.F., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Arnaud, M.J., Garattini, S., Kinetics and Metabolism of Theobromine in Male and Female Nonpregnant and Pregnant Rabbits, Toxicology, 30(4), 1984.

Bonati, M., Latini, R., Sadurska, B., Riva, E., Galetti, F., Borzelleca, J.F., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Arnaud, M., Garattini, S., Kinetics and Metabolism of Theobromine in Rats, Toxicology, 30(4), 1984.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., Hurst, W.J., The Basic Chemistry of the Methylxanthines. Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, Vol. 158, Methylxanthine Containing Beverages and Foods (G. Spiller, Ed.), Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, 1984.

Hurst, W.J., Martin, R.A., Jr., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Analytical Methods for Quantitation of Methylxanthines. Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, Methylxanthine Containing Beverages and Foods, Vol. 158, 1984.

Shively, C.A., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Methylxanthine Composition and Consumption Patterns of Cocoa and Chocolate Products. Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, Methylxanthine Containing Beverages and Foods, Vol. 158, 1984.

Shively, C.A., White, D.M., Blauch, J.L. and Tarka, S.M., Jr., Dominant Lethal Testing of Theobromine in Rats, Toxicology Letters 20(3): 325-329, 1984.

Morrissey, R.B., Burkholder, B.D. and Tarka, S.M., Jr., Effects of Cocoa Upon the Growth of Weanling Male Sprague-Dawley Rats Fed Fluid Whole Milk Diets, Nutrition Reports International, 29(2): 263-271, February 1984.

Morrissey, R.B., Burkholder, B.D., Tarka, S.M., Jr., The Cariogenic Potential of Several Snack Foods. JADA, 109: 589-591, October 1984.

Shively, C.A., Tarka, S.M., Arnaud, M.J., Dvorchik, B.H., Passananti, G.T., Vesell, E.S., High Levels of Methylxanthines in Chocolate Do Not Alter Theobromine Disposition. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 37(4): 415-424, 1985.

Shively, C.A., Apgar, J.L., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Postprandial Glucose and Insulin Responses to Various Snacks of Equivalent Carbohydrate Content in Normal Subjects. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 43: 355-342, March, 1986.

Brusick, D., Myhr, B., Galloway, S., Rundell, J., Jagannath, D.R., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Genotoxicity of Theobromine in a Series of Short-Term Assays. Mutation Research, 169: 105-114, 1986.

Brusick, D., Myhr, B., Galloway, S., Rundell, J., Jagannath, D.R., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Genotoxicity of Cocoa in a Series of Short-Term Assays. Mutation Research, 169: 115-121, 1986.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., Applebaum, R.A., Borzelleca, J.F., Evaluation of the Reproductive and Teratogenic Effects of Cocoa Powder and Theobromine in Sprague-Dawley/CD Rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 24(7), 1986.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., Applebaum, R.A., Borzelleca, J.F., Evaluation of the Teratogenic Potential of Cocoa Powder and Theobromine in New Zealand White Rabbits. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 24(7), 1986.

Shively, C.A., White, D.M., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Diet-Induced Alterations in Theobromine Disposition and Toxicity in the Rat. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 84: 593-598, 1986.

Morrissey, R.B., Burkholder, B.D., White, D.M., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Subchronic Effects of Feeding Graded Levels of Cocoa Butter to Rats. Nutrition Research, 6: 319-326, 1986.

Morrissey, R.B., Burkholder, B.D., White, D.M., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Subchronic Effects of Feeding Graded Levels of Cocoa Butter to Rats. Nutrition Research, 6: 319-326, 1986.

Tarka, S.M., Jr. and Shively, C.A., Methylxanthines. Toxicological Aspects of Food (K. Miller, Ed.), Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, Ltd., London, 1987.

Apgar, J.L., Shively, C.A., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Digestibility of Cocoa Butter and Corn Oil and Their Influence on Fatty Acid Distribution in Rats. Journal of Nutrition, 660-665, 1987.

Hurst, W.J., Martin, R.A., Jr., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Investigations of the Composition of Urinary Calculi by Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy. Spectroscopy, 4(4): 56-58, 1989.

Hurst, W.J., Martin, R.A., Jr., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Hall, G.D., Authentication of Cocoa in Maya Vessels Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Techniques. Journal of Chromatography, 466: 279-289, 1989.

Hostetler, K.A., Shively, C.A., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity of Theobromine, Theophylline, and other Methylxanthines in Experimental Models. Proceedings of the ILSI-NF Sixth International Caffeine Workshop in Hong Kong, August 1989. Food and Chemical Toxicology.

Hostetler, K.A., Morrissey, R.B., Apgar, J.L., Shively, C.A., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Three Generation Reproductive Study of Cocoa Powder in Rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 28(7): 483-490, 1990.

Hostetler, K.A., Morrissey, R.B., Apgar, J.L., Shively, C.A., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Three Generation Reproductive Study of Cocoa Powder in Rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 28(7): 483-490, 1990.

Hall, G.D., Tarka, S.M., Hurst, W.J., Stuart, D. and Adams, R.E., Cacao Residues in Ancient Maya Vessels from Rio Azul, Guatemala. American Antiquity 55(1): 138-143, 1990.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., Morrissey, R.B., Apgar, J.L., Hostetler, K.A., Shively, C.A., Chronic Toxicity/Carcinogenicity Studies of Cocoa Powder in Rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 29(1): 7-19, 1991.

Tarka, S.M., Jr., Apgar, J.L., Hurst, W.J., Caffeine, Chapter1 - Introduction to the Chemistry, Isolation, and Biosynthesis of Methylxanthines, Chapter 2 - Analytical Methods for Quantitation of Methylxanthines, and Chapter 7 - Methylxanthine Composition and Consumption Patterns of Cocoa and Chocolate Products, (G. Spiller, Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1998.

Apgar, J.L. and Tarka, S.M., Jr., Chocolate & Cocoa Health and Nutrition, Chapter 10 – Methylxanthines, (I. Knight, Ed.), Blackwell Science, Ltd., Oxford, 1999.

Hurst, W.J., Tarka, S.M., Jr., Dobson G, and Reid, C.J., Determination of Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Concentrations in Milk Chocolate, J. Agric. Food Chemistry, 49(3): 1264-1265, 2001.

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